![]() ![]() When there is an automated fact checking flagging algorithm, how will users with malicious intent try to game the system, as in the above example?.Questions and policy implications to consider: How much human review should be used for algorithmically flagged ?false? information?.Should automated tools be used to flag viral false information in a way that might be gamed?.How should fact checkers handle mixed media content, in which text and graphics or video may be deliberately unrelated?.If the caption and a picture need to be combined to be designated as false information, how should Instagram fact checkers handle cases where that information is separated?.Kyle?s hypothesis is that Instagram?s algorithms were trained to flag the picture as false, and then possibly send the flagged image to a human reviewer - who may have just missed that the text associated with this image was unrelated to the text for the fact check. When Kyle clicked through to see the explanation, it was only about the ?Picture of the Year? claim (which was not made on this image), and (obviously) not on the statement about women. The issue, then, was that fact checkers had been trained to debunk the use of the photo, on the assumption it was being posted with the false claim that it was National Geographic?s ?Photo of the Year,? and Instagram?s system didn?t seem to expect that other, different claims might be appended to the same image. Others had been using the same image - which was computer generated and not an actual photo - and claiming that it was National Geographic?s ?Picture of the Year.? This belief was so widespread that National Geographic had to debunk the claim (though it did so by releasing other, quite real, images of sharks to appease those looking for cool shark images). The implication of someone coming across this image with this fact check is that the fact check is on the statement, leading to the ridiculous/misogynistic conclusion that women are not funny and that an independent fact checking organization had to flag a meme image suggesting otherwise.Īs Kyle discusses, however, this seemed to be an attempt to rely on fact checkers checking one part of the content, in order to create the misogynistic meme. ![]() When he spotted the image, it had been blurred, with a notice that it had been deemed to be ?false information? after being ?reviewed by independent fact checkers.? When he clicked through to unblur the image, next to the image there was a small line of text saying ?women are funny.? And beneath that the fact checking flag: ?See why fact checkers say this is false.? Alan Kyle, a privacy and policy analyst, noticed this in late 2019 when he came across a meme picture on Instagram from a meme account called ?memealpyro? showing what appeared to be a great white shark leaping majestically out of the ocean. ![]()
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